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Processing of wort after boiling

processing of wort after boiling

Omit brewing craft beer, beer equipment adds wort and boils it. After boiling, the thermosetting substances are separated from the wort as soon as possible by physical methods, so on get a clear wort. The wort is then cooled to the fermentation temperature required by the process. While cooling, wort ventilation should be carried out to provide enough oxygen for yeast reproduction. Separation methods include cooling plate method, sedimentation tank method and Whirlpool method.

Processing of wort after boiling

The purpose of the wort after boiling

After the wort is boiled, the hot coagulation and cold coagulation in the wort should be separated as soon as possible to get clear wheat. Then cool the wort to the fermentation temperature required by the process (the lower fermentation should be cooled to 6-9 ℃, and the upper fermentation should be 12-18℃ ). While cooling, the wort is ventilated to provide enough oxygen for the yeast to multiply.

Main tasks of wort post-processing

Hop lees and thermal coagulation separation; wort cooling; wort ventilation (yeast supply oxygen); yeast addition; cold coagulation separation; yeast reproduction; secondary ventilation.

Generation of thermal coagulation

A thermal coagulum is an insoluble condensate formed by the condensation of high molecular nitrogen during the boiling process of wort. During the boiling process of wort, the thermal coagulation precipitates out with protein denaturation and continuous oxidation and polymerization of polyphenols and also adsorbs part of hop resin and other organic substances.
Factors affecting the amount of thermal coagulation:
  • The amount of precipitation of thermal coagulum is related to the number of nitrogenous substances in the wort and the solubility of the malt.
  • Once the thermal coagulation suspended in the fermentation broth is adsorbed by the yeast cells, it will affect the normal fermentation and sedimentation of the yeast cells. Also, the thermal coagulum in the wort can also lead to increased beer color, rough taste, long after-bitter, poor foam stability, and taste stability.
Whirlpool tank

Whirlpool tank

The structure and technical requirements of the Whirlpool tank.

  1. whirlpool tank is a flat-bottomed closed cylindrical vessel with a 2% slope at the outlet. The ratio of the height of the wort level to the diameter of the tank is 1:2-3. Modern Whirlpool tanks choose a ratio of 1:3.
  2. New Whirlpool tanks generally have an insulating layer to prevent the wort from cooling. To better collect the hot solids, a conical hot solids collection cup is installed in the center of the bottom of the Whirlpool tank.
  3. The wort enters the tank in the tangential direction, and there are two inlets, one at the bottom of the tank to avoid oxygen absorption. The other inlet is at 1/3 of the height from the bottom of the tank.

Selection of wort in the swirling direction

  • The wort enters the trough along the tangential direction of the trough wall to form a rotary motion. After the feeding of the belt, the rotating wort is allowed to decelerate , resulting in a whirling effect.
  • The solids in the wort are subject to the combined force of gravity and centripetal force and move towards the center of the trough, following the whirling effect of natural deceleration and rotation.

"Coriolis" effect

he rotation of the wort should take advantage of the “Coriolis” inertial force generated by the Earth’s rotation from west to east. Thus, the correct direction of rotation in the northern hemisphere should be counterclockwise, otherwise it will slow down like a boat against the current and waste energy. Of course in the southern hemisphere it should be the other way around, and should take a clockwise rotation.

Important technological factors in post-processing of wort

Heating time

The heating time should be short, and the total time should be less than 60 minutes.

Hot wort delivery

The delivery should be smooth and gentle. Prevents and avoids air entry and formation of air bubbles; hot coagulation is not destroyed when pumping and flowing in piping.

Pumping of hot wort

According to the nature of the hot coagulation, the cyclone sedimentation tank should be provided with many openings, and the wort pump should also be ensured without cavitation.
Coriolis effect

Cooling and oxygenation of the wort

After the wort is boiled and poured into the rotary sedimentation tank, after separating the hop lees and thermal coagulation, the following treatments should be carried out :

  • Rapid cooling to bring the wort temperature to the need for yeast inoculation
  • The wort is cooled and ventilated, and yeast can synthesize substances such as sterols and unsaturated fatty acids necessary for its reproduction only after absorbing enough oxygen.
  • Precipitation and separation of hot and cold coagulants in the wort to ensure normal fermentation and desired beer quality.

The basic requirements of wort cooling for cooling equipment.

  1. The parts where wort and cooling water flow through should be easy to clean.
  2. It is better to seal the well to prevent the leakage of cooling water and wort.
  3. There should be enough cooling area, the cooling time should be short, and the amount of precipitation of cold solids should be large.
    Heat recovery rate of the plate heat exchanger: The heat recovery rate of the plate heat exchanger should be > 95%, and the temperature difference between the front and rear cooling areas should be small. Raise the hot water temperature as much as possible.

Get a turnkey solution for craft brewery equipment

If you are planning and ready to open a brewery, you can contact us. Micet Craft engineers will provide you with a list of craft brewery equipment and associated prices. Of course, we can also provide you with professional turnkey brewery solutions, allowing you more time to focus on brewing great beer. Micet Craft looks forward to working with you!!
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